Final answer:
Mating between Neanderthals and humans is supported by DNA evidence showing similarities between Neanderthal and modern human DNA. Small amounts of Neanderthal DNA in modern human populations further suggest interbreeding. This indicates that Neanderthals were absorbed into the Homo sapiens population rather than going extinct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Evidence suggests that mating occurred between Neanderthals and modern humans. DNA analysis has revealed similarities between the DNA of Neanderthals and modern Europeans, indicating interbreeding. Additionally, small amounts of Neanderthal DNA have been found in modern human populations. This implies that Neanderthals were not completely extinct but were absorbed into the Homo sapiens population.