Final answer:
Technicians use the vehicle's onboard diagnostic system (OBD) to identify malfunctions by reading trouble codes logged by the vehicle. This system helps in diagnosing problems quickly and efficiently, and the use of OBD is an integral part of automotive repair processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Technicians use information stored in the vehicle's onboard diagnostic system (OBD) to learn about malfunctions in the vehicle. This system collects data regarding the performance of various systems within the vehicle. When a technician connects a diagnostic tool to the vehicle's OBD port, the tool reads trouble codes that have been logged by the system. These codes provide an indication of where and what the issues might be, allowing technicians to conduct more focused and efficient repairs.
The introduction of OBD systems has greatly improved the ability of technicians to diagnose problems quickly. Some modern vehicles even allow for wireless transmission of diagnostic information, enabling remote analysis and preliminary diagnostics before a vehicle arrives at the service center. Understanding the readings from an OBD system requires technical knowledge and skill, which is part of a technician's professional training.