Final answer:
Tuberculosis is not caused by a virus; it is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The other diseases listed are caused by viruses, for which the treatment differs from bacterial infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The disease which is NOT caused by a virus among mumps, tuberculosis, the common cold, and respiratory infection is tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium named Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The other diseases listed - mumps, the common cold, and many respiratory infections - are of viral origin. Mumps is caused by the mumps virus, the common cold can be caused by a variety of viruses including rhinoviruses and coronaviruses, and numerous respiratory infections are caused by different viruses such as influenza virus.
For comparison, diseases like SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) are caused by coronaviruses, which are indeed viruses. It's important to distinguish between bacterial and viral diseases because their treatments differ significantly; bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics, whereas viral infections cannot.