Final answer:
The stomach is the organ that releases intrinsic factor, which is crucial for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine, particularly in the ileum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The organ that releases intrinsic factor and aids in the absorption of vitamin B12 is the stomach. The intrinsic factor is essential for vitamin B12 absorption in the small intestine, specifically in the ileum, which is the final part of the small intestine. Without intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed efficiently, leading to potential deficiencies. This could result in conditions like pernicious anemia. The stomach's production of intrinsic factor is thus a critical aspect of digestive health and overall well-being.
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a complex molecule essential for red blood cell formation and neurological function. It requires the intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein secreted by the gastric glands, for its absorption from the intestine. The metabolism of vitamin B12 involves binding to carrier proteins in the plasma and transforming into its active coenzyme form, which participates in various cellular processes in the body.