Final answer:
A circuit that provides a common voltage across all components is a parallel circuit. Components in a parallel circuit receive the same voltage, equal to the voltage across the battery, due to the shared nodes between the components.
Step-by-step explanation:
Any circuit that provides one common voltage across all components is a parallel circuit. In a parallel circuit, the wiring of resistors or other components is such that each component receives an equal voltage from the power source. This is often visualized in a ladder-shaped diagram, where each component is on a rung of the ladder, and each rung has the same potential difference, which is the difference in electric potential between two points in an electric circuit, measured in volts.
When components are connected in parallel, the voltage across the battery is equal to the voltage across each component. This is because components in parallel share the same nodes, and according to the principles of voltage in circuits, the potential difference across these nodes is the same. Therefore, the total voltage across all components connected in parallel must be equal to the voltage across the battery.