Final answer:
Mitosis is a process where a cell divides into two identical daughter cells through four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mitosis Overview
Mitosis is a critical process in which a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. It is a continuous process but is often described in four distinct stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. This process ensures that each daughter cell receives a diploid number of chromosomes, which is 46 in humans.
The Steps of Mitosis
During prophase, the chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate. In metaphase, the chromosomes align in the center of the cell. Anaphase follows with sister chromatids separating and moving to opposite poles. Finally, in telophase, the nuclear envelopes reform around the separated chromosomes at each pole, preparing for cell division.
Cytokinesis
Following mitosis, cytokinesis occurs, which is the division of the cell's cytoplasm, resulting in two separate and identical daughter cells.