Final answer:
The main goals of the four major subdisciplines of anthropology are to study and understand human biology, evolution, variation, human past, cultures and societies, and human language and its role in culture and society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The MAIN goal of each of the four major subdisciplines of anthropology are as follows:
- Biological Anthropology: The main goal of biological anthropology is to study and understand human biology, evolution, and variation. Biological anthropologists often focus on topics such as human origins, genetics, primatology, and human adaptation to different environments.
- Archaeology: The main goal of archaeology is to study and understand human past through the excavation and analysis of material remains. Archaeologists often explore topics such as ancient civilizations, cultural changes over time, and the reconstruction of past societies based on artifacts and structures.
- Cultural Anthropology: The main goal of cultural anthropology is to study and understand human cultures and societies. Cultural anthropologists often focus on topics such as social organization, cultural beliefs and practices, language and communication, and the impact of culture on individuals and groups.
- Linguistic Anthropology: The main goal of linguistic anthropology is to study and understand human language and its role in culture and society. Linguistic anthropologists often explore topics such as language diversity and variation, language acquisition and socialization, and the relationship between language and culture.