Final answer:
State societies and agriculture developed independently in various parts of the world at different times. Civilizations in Mesopotamia, China, Egypt, India, Mesoamerica, and South America, as well as African kingdoms like Asante and Zulu, are prime examples. These developments were essential for the formation of hierarchical societies with governance systems, economic strategies, and cultural dynamics.
Step-by-step explanation:
State societies, such as agricultural civilizations, developed independently in different parts of the world at various times. Starting around 5,000 years ago, political organizations emerged in areas like Mesopotamia, China, Egypt, India, Mesoamerica, and South America. These societies became more hierarchical and populous, which led to the introduction of governance mechanisms including taxation, laws, and social controls. Prominent among these were highly centralized governments with bureaucracies, infrastructures, and multiethnic empires. Africa had similar developments with kingdoms such as the Asante and Zulu forming proto-states with extensive agriculture and trade networks, long before European colonization.
Additionally, agriculture itself did not start in one region and spread globally; it developed independently in distinct areas such as China and the Americas. This independent development of agriculture was pivotal for the rise of state societies by enabling settled populations that fostered the growth of political structures, economic systems, and social organizations.