Final answer:
The transition from hunting and gathering to sedentary agriculture and later to industrialized societies occurred for several reasons, including increased food production and population support. Agriculture led to the establishment of settlements and permanent communities. Industrialization further transformed societies through advancements in technology and urbanization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The transition from hunting and gathering to sedentary agriculture and later to industrialized societies occurred for several reasons. Agriculture, with its reliance on labor specialization, allowed for increased food production and the ability to support larger populations. This led to the development of settlements and the establishment of permanent communities. As societies became more advanced, industrialization further transformed the way people lived and worked, leading to advancements in technology, urbanization, and increased productivity.