Final answer:
The term for a dry, barren, and windy area east of the Andes is the rain shadow region.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for a dry, barren, and windy area east of the Andes is the rain shadow region. This region is created by the rain shadow effect, where the prevailing winds from the east hit the western side of the Andes, causing the air to rise and release its moisture on the western slopes, leaving the eastern side dry and arid.