Final answer:
Carneiro's theory of the origin of the state revolves around three main variables: integrative pressures, conflict pressures, and social stratification, all contributing to the centralization of political power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three primary variables in Carneiro's theory of the origin of the state are integrative pressures, conflict pressures, and social stratification. Integrative pressures include factors such as the economic advantages of regional trade, technological developments, religious ideologies, and other societal needs that lead to the centralization of power. Conflict pressures arise from the management of internal and external threats, which could involve building military forces, waging warfare, and enforcing laws and ideology to maintain the integrity of the society and its leaders' power. Social stratification refers to the class and caste systems with unequal access to wealth and power, which can lead to conflict and thus the centralization of political power to manage these tensions.