Final answer:
Multibacillary leprosy is treated with multidrug therapy including dapsone, rifampicin, and clofazimine. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent permanent damage. The WHO provides this treatment protocol free of charge globally.
Step-by-step explanation:
To treat multibacillary leprosy, which is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a multidrug therapy approach that has been available free of charge to all patients since 1995. This treatment protocol includes the use of dapsone and rifampicin for all patients, with the addition of clofazimine for those with multibacillary disease. The treatment aims to eradicate the infection and prevent any disability associated with the disease.
It is critical to diagnose and treat Hansen's disease early to preclude permanent damage. Upon diagnosis via clinical signs, symptoms, and confirmation by the presence of acid-fast bacilli in skin smears or skin biopsy, treatment should commence immediately. The therapy duration can vary but typically involves taking these medications for at least 12 months. The efficacy of treatment often results in a significant decrease in global prevalence of Hansen's disease.