Final answer:
The male pelvis is characterized by thicker and heavier bones for support of a larger body size, whereas the female pelvis is designed for childbirth, being wider with a larger subpubic angle and rounder pelvic brim.
Step-by-step explanation:
Main Differences Between Male and Female Pelvis
The main difference between the male and female pelvis is related to biological function and physical build. The male pelvis bones are generally thicker and heavier, which correlates with the male's larger body size and muscle mass. In contrast, the female pelvis is adapted for childbirth and is, therefore, broader with a wider distance between the anterior superior iliac spines and ischial tuberosities.
A notable feature of the female pelvis is the larger subpubic angle, which is greater than 80 degrees compared to less than 70 degrees in males. The female pelvis has a rounder pelvic inlet and a wider, more shallow lesser pelvic cavity, allowing for the passage of the baby during birth. In comparison, the male pelvis has a narrower, deeper, and heart-shaped lesser pelvic cavity, reflecting the absence of such a requirement.
These differences are so stark that they enable the accurate determination of sex from skeletal remains. The evolutionary adaptation of the female pelvis provides a more extensive pelvic outlet and a rounder pelvic brim, which contributes to successful childbirth, hence reproductive fitness.