Final answer:
Conservatism rejects the liberal optimistic view of man, preferring a Hobbesian or traditional viewpoint that sees humans as inherently flawed and in need of societal institutions for guidance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Conservatism rejects the liberal and Enlightenment-based optimistic view of man, which often regards humans as inherently good or rational, capable of self-governance, and possessing natural rights, as exemplified by the ideas of John Locke. Instead, conservatism accepts a more Hobbesian or traditional viewpoint, seeing humans as fundamentally flawed and in need of guidance from established institutions such as the church, government, and family to maintain societal order and instill self-discipline.
This understanding of human nature and society aligns with the conservative belief in upholding historical traditions and skepticism of rapid change or revolution. Whereas liberalism tends to favor reform and progressive change, conservatism calls for restraint, preferring that changes occur slowly and organically through existing structures.