Final answer:
The Inuit and Neanderthals serve as examples of Allens and Bergmann's Rules, which relate to adaptations in body size and extremity length according to different climatic conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Inuit (Eskimos) and Neanderthals are indeed examples of Allens and Bergmann's Rules. According to Bergmann's rule, within a broadly distributed taxonomic group, larger-sized populations or species are found in colder environments, while smaller-sized populations or species are found in warmer environments. This is exemplified by the Neanderthals, who were Larger and stockier than modern humans, traits that are adaptive for the conservation of body heat in cold climates. On the other hand, Allen's rule states that animals in hotter climates generally have longer extremities than their relatives in colder climates. The Inuit, adapted to the Arctic environment, also demonstrate these ecogeographic principles with their physiological traits designed to retain body heat.