Final answer:
Evidence of sophisticated past civilizations is most notably found at archaeological sites such as Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley. These sites display advanced urban planning and cultural development, which influenced later civilizations in the region and show parallels with other ancient cities globally.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Hancock's perspective, evidence of the influence of a sophisticated past civilization can be found at several prominent archaeological sites. Sites like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley are prime examples. These locations demonstrate highly organized societies with advancements in urban planning, efficient drainage systems, orderly streets, and distinctive bricks made in ovens. These cities were technologically advanced for their time and contributed significantly to later Indian civilizations. Artifacts such as jewelry, fabrics, and spiritual altars within Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro attest to the culture and technology that spread across parts of what is now Afghanistan, Pakistan, and western India.
Globally, similar ancient urban centers also exhibit these characteristics, including the presence of intricate water management systems at Dholavira, and monumental architectural sites like Caral and Monte Albán, which are proof of sophisticated past civilizations across different regions. These regions relied on fertile river valleys, such as the Nile, Yellow, and Tigris, to support their agrarian societies and lay the foundation for the development of art, craft specialization, trade, and religious and philosophical ideas.