Final answer:
The hypothesis for the African origin of Homo erectus suggests it evolved in East Africa around 1.9 million years ago and was the first hominin to migrate out of Africa, adapting to various environments and showing advanced tool use and cognitive development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hypothesis for the African origin of Homo erectus postulates that this species evolved approximately 1.9 million years ago in East Africa from its likely ancestor, Homo habilis. It is believed to be the first hominin to migrate out of the African continent, reaching areas such as North Africa, the Near East, Europe, and East and South Asia through extensive migrations that occurred between 1.8 and 1.5 million years ago. The adaptation of Homo erectus to different environments is evident in various anatomical changes suited to upright walking and a diverse diet, which facilitated their survival in varied climates.
Remains of Homo erectus have been found over a vast geographic area, indicating their successful dispersal out of Africa. Fossils discovered in places like Java and China show that Homo erectus had a larger brain, less sexual dimorphism, and other features more similar to modern humans than previous hominins. Their tools and the use of fire suggest an advanced level of adaptability and cognitive development.
The migration of Homo erectus was likely driven by factors such as climate change and the search for food resources. Their ability to utilize tools and control fire provided them with an evolutionary advantage that facilitated their spread into new territories. This hominin species is a testament to the dynamic history of early human migration and adaptation to diverse environments.