Final answer:
The Mayflower, carrying the Pilgrims, arrived at Plymouth Rock in 1620, where they established Plymouth Colony and signed the significant Mayflower Compact.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carrying a party of religious separatists known as the Pilgrims, the ship Mayflower arrived at Plymouth Rock in 1620. The Pilgrims were part of a group of Puritan Separatists who sought to escape religious persecution from the Church of England. Led by William Bradford, they sailed from Plymouth, England, and after a long voyage, establishing the Plymouth Colony near present-day Boston, Massachusetts. Despite the difficult initial winter where half of the Pilgrims perished, the survivors managed to create a lasting settlement. The Mayflower Compact, signed by the Pilgrim leaders, was significant not only for its religious intent but also for its emphasis on creating a government that reflected direct democracy and the will of the people.