Question

Matching: a. diffusion b. independent invention c. ethnocide d. genocide e. ensocialization f. enculturation

1. the "pizza effect" discussed in class
2. "kill the Indian to save the man"
3. Mexicans voluntarily practice both Halloween and the day of the dead bc both are fun for children
4. when a child learns the difference between right and wrong from their parents
5. the development of agriculture in Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, China, and in Mesoamerica without any contact between cultures.

Answer 1

The question involves matching cultural concepts to provided statements, highlighting the diffusion of ideas like the 'pizza effect,' the ethnocide policy of 'kill the Indian to save the man,' and the independent invention of agriculture in multiple civilizations without contact.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question relates to the concepts of cultural change and interaction, specifically focusing on diffusion, independent invention, and ethnocide. Let's match the concepts to the provided statements:

1. Diffusion: This is the spread of cultural items—such as ideas, styles, religions, technologies, languages etc., between individuals, whether within a single culture or from one culture to another. The "pizza effect" discussed in class exemplifies this, where cultural elements mix and spread like the popularity of pizza, which originated in Italy and became a global phenomenon.
2. Ethnocide: The statement "kill the Indian to save the man" is a chilling example of ethnocide, wherein a dominant culture forces the elimination of an ethnic group's practices, beliefs, and language. This was a policy applied to Native Americans in various ways, including through the residential school systems in North America.
3. Independent invention: The development of agriculture in Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, China, and Mesoamerica without any contact between cultures represents independent invention, where similar innovations occur in different societies independently of each other.
4. Enculturation: When a child learns the difference between right and wrong from their parents, they are undergoing the process of enculturation, where they are systematically guided by members of their community in learning the norms and values of their society.
5. Diffusion and enculturation: Mexicans voluntarily practicing both Halloween and the Day of the Dead because both are fun for children is a combination of diffusion, where cultural elements like Halloween spread, and enculturation, where children adopt the blend of practices as part of their cultural environment.

These concepts illustrate how cultural experiences are shaped by a variety of forces, ranging from the voluntary embrace of new customs to the forced erasure of indigenous ways.