Final answer:
Scientific theories explain a wide range of phenomena and integrate various observations into a cohesive understanding that can make predictions and be tested. They are fundamental in making sense of both macroscopic and submicroscopic phenomena, forming an overarching explanation for the complexity of the universe.
Step-by-step explanation:
Explanations of observations that address a wide range of phenomena and have the capacity to explain observations that were previously unexplained are generally referred to as scientific theories. A well-substantiated theory does more than just explain a single event or a series of observations; it integrates and accounts for a vast array of facts and can be used to make predictions. Theories that meet high scientific standards are recognized because they explain a wider variety of observations, are consistent with well-established theories, are more parsimonious, and generate expectations that are testable. Furthermore, theories like 'All matter is composed of atoms' have managed to summarize evidence and establish a general principle that profoundly affects many fields such as physics and chemistry.
Scientific theories aim to explain things great and small, from the macroscopic phenomena like air pressure to the submicroscopic ones like atoms bouncing off walls. In understanding these theories, one can connect the dots between seemingly disparate phenomena, making sense of the physical universe's complexity.