Final answer:
Predictions based on certain conditions in mathematics are usually described using statistical models or mathematical models, with deterministic models for precise predictions and probability-based models for uncertain outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Predictions about what will happen given certain conditions, often mathematical, are called statistical models or mathematical models. These models use the idea that one value can influence or determine another value in scenarios with a high degree of certainty, deterministic models such as quadratic equations or differential equations can be employed to predict outcomes with a high degree of precision. On the other hand, in situations with more uncertainty, statisticians use probability-based models to predict the likelihood of various outcomes, such as weather forecasts or election results. These probabilistic models are incredibly useful in everyday decision-making despite the inherent uncertainty in predicting future events.