Final answer:
Old World monkeys exhibit various modes of locomotion, with quadrupedalism being the primary means. They are characterized by diversity in habitat and physical adaptations but lack prehensile tails.
Step-by-step explanation:
Old World monkeys are known for their diverse modes of locomotion, which include arboreal and ground-dwelling movements. Unlike New World monkeys, Old World monkeys do not have prehensile tails for grasping branches. Some Old World monkey species are primarily arboreal, while others have adapted to life on the ground. A notable feature of some Old World monkeys, such as the macaque and the baboon, is their capability to live in various habitats including cities, where they are known to feed on human garbage. Other adaptations seen in Old World monkeys are ischial callosities, which are thickened patches of skin that act as built-in cushions for sitting, and cheek pouches for storing food.
The primary mode of locomotion for Old World monkeys is quadrupedalism, where they walk on all four legs. This adaptation is seen in both arboreal species, which traverse through trees, and terrestrial species that move on ground surfaces.