Final answer:
Most groups have a leader, but leadership styles and the formality of leadership can vary. Primary groups might not have a formal leader, while secondary groups often have structured leadership. Acephalous societies operate without formal leaders, using consensus for decision-making.
Step-by-step explanation:
Responding to the statement 'Every group or association has a leader of some sort', the answer can be both true and false, depending on the context of the group in question. When we discuss leadership within groups, we have to consider the dynamics and size of the group. Small, primary groups often have informal leadership where no formal vote is cast to choose a leader, yet a de facto leader may still emerge. In contrast, secondary groups, which tend to be larger and may have a clear purpose or task, usually have more overt leadership with defined roles and responsibilities, sometimes following a strict chain of command.
Furthermore, there are various leadership styles recognized by sociologists, such as democratic, authoritarian, and laissez-faire, each with their own ways of influencing group dynamics and decision-making processes. Leadership is also key to overcoming collective action problems by providing incentives or creating a sense of solidarity among group members. That being said, there are also acephalous societies where leadership is situational and based on consensus, rather than having a formal leader. Thus, while most groups tend to have some form of leadership, it is not an absolute rule that applies to every group or association.