Final answer:
Nurses can prevent VTE and phlebitis by advocating the use of graduated compression stockings, encouraging movement, adhering to infection control protocols for catheters, and educating patients on the importance of activity and hydration.
Step-by-step explanation:
How to Prevent VTE and Phlebitis
As a nurse, preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and phlebitis involves several strategies. One effective method is the use of graduated compression stockings, which apply varying degrees of pressure to reduce blood pooling and increase blood flow back to the heart. For patients with limited mobility or those undertaking long-duration travel, frequent leg movements and walking are encouraged to maintain circulation. Additionally, for patients with central lines, strict adherence to infection control protocols is crucial to decrease the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections.
During long periods of immobility, such as post-surgery or during long flights, the risk of VTE can increase. Educating patients on the importance of regular activity, leg elevation when possible, and the significance of hydration is key. In hospital settings, assessing the need for pharmacologic prophylaxis based on individual risk factors is also an important aspect of VTE prevention.
Furthermore, simple measures such as avoiding prolonged standing or sitting, periodic leg elevation, and monitoring for the signs of swelling or discoloration can assist in early detection and prevention of varicose veins and subsequent complications.