Final Answer:
The people who gain health benefits from moderate alcohol consumption are A) women age 21 and older and men age 18 and older.
Step-by-step explanation:
Moderate alcohol consumption may offer health benefits primarily to women aged 21 and older and men aged 18 and older. Studies suggest that moderate intake, defined as one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men, may reduce the risk of heart disease, ischemic stroke, and certain other health issues.
However, it's important to note that these potential benefits are balanced against the risks associated with alcohol consumption, including addiction, liver disease, and increased cancer risk.
The suggested age brackets for men and women are based on various studies that have shown a potential decrease in heart-related issues with moderate alcohol consumption. For women, especially those post-menopause, moderate drinking might help in increasing HDL (good cholesterol) and reducing blood clots.
Similarly, for men, this consumption level may have benefits for heart health, though individual health conditions and family history should also be considered.
It's crucial to emphasize that the benefits of moderate alcohol intake aren't universal and can vary based on a person's overall health, genetic predispositions, lifestyle factors, and individual responses to alcohol.
Moreover, excessive alcohol consumption has severe health consequences and can outweigh any potential benefits, particularly for certain groups, such as pregnant women or individuals with a history of alcohol abuse.
Therefore, option A is the right answer.