Final answer:
A government ruled by one person can be a monarchy, but the term 'tyranny' more specifically describes a single ruler with oppressive control, which is the most accurate answer to the student's question.
Step-by-step explanation:
A government in which the ruling power is in the hands of one person can be described using several terms, depending on specific characteristics and the nature of that individual's rule. Common types of such governments include:
- A Monarchy: A form of government where a monarch, often a king or queen, holds power. The position is typically inherited and usually held for life or until abdication.
- An Oligarchy: A government where power is in the hands of a small, elite group of individuals.
- A Tyranny: Often used to describe a government in which a single ruler has seized control and governs without the consent of the people.
- A Dictatorship: Similar to a tyranny, a dictatorship is a form of government where a single individual wields absolute power, often coming to power through military might or other forceful means.
- A Democracy: In contrast to the others, a democracy is a form of government where power is held by the people, who exercise power directly or through elected representatives.
In the context of this question, the most accurate answer is a tyranny (option C), as it explicitly denotes a government ruled by one person, often associated with oppressive leadership.