Final answer:
Five basic social institutions common to all societies are family, economy, education, politics, and religion. They organize social life and fulfill essential societal functions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Five basic social institutions that are common to all societies include family, economy, education, politics, and religion. These institutions are social structures that help organize society and provide functions essential for its operation. For example, the family is pivotal for nurturing and socializing children, the economy manages the production and distribution of goods and services, education facilitates the transmission of knowledge and cultural norms, politics is involved with governance and the establishment of laws, and religion often shapes morals and values, influencing social behavior and cohesion.