Final answer:
Martin Luther published the 95 Theses to call for reform within the Catholic Church. The Thesis discussed the issues with the sale of indulgences and emphasized the belief in salvation through faith and God's mercy. This action led to the Protestant Reformation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Martin Luther published the 95 Theses to spark a discussion and call for reform within the Catholic Church. The 95 Theses were a list of arguments against the sale of indulgences, a practice that Luther believed was wrong. He argued that salvation could not be purchased and that only God could grant forgiveness. Luther's actions unintentionally led to the Protestant Reformation and the division of European Christianity.