Final answer:
The Catholic Church used three agents of change in their counter-reformation: The Council of Trent, new religious orders like the Jesuits, and spiritual movements such as the Spanish mystics and French spirituality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Catholic Church used three agents of change in their counter-reformation:
- The Council of Trent: The council affirmed that both good works and faith were required for salvation and that both scripture and tradition were acceptable sources of authority. It also undertook a series of reforms, such as prohibiting the sale of indulgences and improving the education of clergy.
- New religious orders: The Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits, was founded to educate young Catholic men and convert non-Christians. The Ursuline Order of nuns was also established to educate young women.
- Spiritual movements: The Counter-Reformation emphasized new spiritual movements focused on devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, such as the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.