Final answer:
Isaac Newton formulated three fundamental Laws of Motion which articulate the principles of inertia, force and acceleration, and action and reaction, key elements in the discipline of classical mechanics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual responsible for the formulation of the Laws of Motion is Isaac Newton, a pivotal figure in the scientific revolution who lived between 1642 and 1727. Newton devised three fundamental laws of motion that have significantly influenced our comprehension of the physical universe.
The first law, known as Newton's first law of motion, describes the conservation of momentum and states that a body at rest will stay at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
The second law, Newton's second law of motion, provides a quantitative description of the force needed to change a body's motion, introducing the concept of newton-meters as the unit of force.
The third law, Newton's third law of motion, states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In addition to these, Newton also formulated the Newton's universal law of gravitation, which describes the attraction between two masses.