Final answer:
Protanopia, Deuteranopia, and Tritanopia are types of color blindness caused by the absence or malfunctioning of specific cones in the eyes. Deletion is a type of mutation that involves the loss of nucleotides from DNA, while substitution is a mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three types of color blindness are Protanopia, Deuteranopia, and Tritanopia. Protanopia is a red-green color blindness caused by the absence or malfunctioning of the red cones in the eyes. Deuteranopia is also a red-green color blindness caused by the absence or malfunctioning of the green cones. Tritanopia is a blue-yellow color blindness caused by the absence or malfunctioning of the blue cones.
Deletion is a type of mutation that involves the loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA. It can cause genetic diseases and abnormalities. Substitution is another type of mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, and it can also lead to genetic disorders.