Final answer:
The statement that foraging was the only human adaptive strategy until the advent of food production 12,000-10,000 years ago is true. The shift to agriculture and animal domestication significantly changed human societies and their way of life.
Step-by-step explanation:
Foraging as a form of subsistence dominated human adaptive strategy until the advent of food production, which occurred between 12,000 and 10,000 years ago with the advent of agriculture. This period marked a significant shift from gathering and hunting to a lifestyle that included the domestication of plants and animals. Before this shift, for more than two million years, humans and their ancestors were primarily gatherers and hunters, a lifestyle that may have shaped their biological evolution. The transition to food production, which began around 12,000 years ago, introduced the Neolithic Age and drastically changed human societies.
The involvement in agriculture remained relatively similar in terms of the amount of food produced per hour of human effort when compared to the hunter-gatherer lifestyle. However, agriculture allowed for a surplus of food, leading to larger populations and the development of cities. Over time, the shift to farming and domestication of animals became a widespread adaptive strategy, despite there being some human populations, such as the Indigenous peoples of Australia, who chose to continue with a hunter-gatherer lifestyle.