Final answer:
Streptococcus pyogenes cells are spherical and form chains, indicating they are cocci in shape. This bacterium is the primary cause of strep throat and is characterized as group A streptococcus (GAS) with beta-hemolytic properties.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the nomenclature of Streptococcus pyogenes, the individual bacterial cells are spherical in shape. The prefix 'strepto-' refers to a twisted or chain-like arrangement, and 'cocci' indicates that the cells are spherical. This morphology is confirmed by the appearance of S. pyogenes under the microscope, where it forms chains of cocci. These bacteria are responsible for infections such as strep throat and are classified as group A streptococcus (GAS) in serological Lancefield groups. S. pyogenes is known for its ability to lyse red blood cells on blood agar, demonstrating beta-hemolytic activity, and is a pyogenic pathogen that can cause pus formation.