Final answer:
Descartes believed that knowledge is derived from senses but also involves certainty and clear ideas. Other philosophers like Locke, Hume, Plato, and Kant discussed the role of reason and perception in knowledge.
Step-by-step explanation:
Descartes believed that our knowledge of the world was derived from our senses. However, he also emphasized that knowledge involves certainty and clear and distinct ideas. Descartes believed that innate ideas, such as knowledge of self, God, and the world, are the foundation of knowledge, and reasoning is involved in acquiring knowledge.
In contrast, philosophers like Locke and Hume argued that all knowledge comes through the senses. Locke believed that ideas are derived from sense perception, while Hume held that sense impressions are necessary for knowledge.
Plato and Kant also discussed the role of reason and perception in knowledge. Plato emphasized the importance of reason in understanding universal abstract essences, while Kant proposed that knowledge is a combination of sensibility and understanding.