Final answer:
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the bloodstream to the liver. It is also known as 'good cholesterol' due to its role in helping to prevent atherosclerosis by removing excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lipoprotein responsible for transporting cholesterol from the blood to the liver is High-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because it helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream, minimizing the risk of arterial plaque formation, and transports it to the liver for reuse or excretion.
HDL particles are composed of a higher ratio of protein to lipids which contributes to their higher density and their role in reverse cholesterol transport. This process is important for maintaining a heathy balance of cholesterol in the body and preventing conditions such as atherosclerosis.