Final answer:
The posterior pituitary secretes oxytocin option (B), not prolactin or growth hormone, which are produced by the anterior pituitary.
Step-by-step explanation:
The posterior pituitary, or neurohypophysis, secretes two hormones: oxytocin and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH). Unlike the anterior pituitary, which produces multiple hormones including growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), the posterior pituitary stores and releases hormones that are made in the hypothalamus. Therefore, the correct answer to the question about which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary is B. Oxytocin.
The posterior pituitary gland secretes oxytocin and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). Prolactin is secreted by the anterior pituitary, and growth hormone is also produced by the anterior pituitary gland.