Final answer:
In type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, leading to high levels of glucose in the blood. This resistance can be caused by malfunctioning insulin-receptor sites on cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
In type 2 diabetes, the body's cells begin to resist the effects of insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells and be used for energy. However, in type 2 diabetes, the cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to a buildup of glucose in the bloodstream.
Insulin resistance can occur due to malfunctioning insulin-receptor sites on cells, which prevent glucose channels from opening and allowing glucose to enter. This results in high levels of glucose in the blood, a condition known as hyperglycemia.
There are several factors that can contribute to the development of insulin resistance, including obesity, lack of physical activity, and a poor diet. Treatment for type 2 diabetes often involves lifestyle changes such as weight loss, exercise, and a healthy diet, as well as medications or insulin therapy if necessary.