Final answer:
The statement is True. The exterior lights master switch controls the operation of position and formation lights, but strobe lights can be operated independently with their own switch due to their critical function as anti-collision lights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "The exterior lights master switch must be on for operation of the position and formation lights, but not for the strobe lights" in the context of aircraft systems is True. In aviation, the exterior lights master switch controls various external lights necessary for the aircraft's visibility, primarily for communication with other aircraft and for regulation compliance.
Position lights (also known as navigation lights) and formation lights are both essential for visibility and typically are controlled by the exterior lights master switch. However, strobe lights, which are anti-collision lights, usually have a separate switch that can be operated independently of the master switch. This is because strobe lights are often required to be on during all phases of flight, and having a separate control allows them to function even if other external lights are turned off.
To provide further clarification, position lights are used to indicate the aircraft's position and orientation in the skies, and formation lights assist in maintaining formation when flying with other aircraft. Strobe lights are bright, flashing lights that make the aircraft more conspicuous, especially during adverse conditions, to prevent collisions.