Final answer:
The question discusses the issue of political polarization in American politics, the challenges of a two-party system, and how this has led to governmental gridlock and public dissatisfaction both in the U.S. and internationally.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of polarization in American politics illustrates the increasing divides and challenges within the country's political system. Important factors contributing to this issue include the influence of gerrymandering, the sorting of voters, and the shift in party positions leading to a lack of moderate voices. As a result, the United States has experienced gridlock in its legislature, making it difficult to perform essential government functions, such as passing the budget. Additionally, the two-party system in the U.S. tends to limit the diversity of political representation compared to parliamentary systems that allow a wider array of political parties.
Public opinion on these matters is varied, reflecting fluctuations based on current events and political leadership. The growing polarization is seen by some as creating clear distinct choices for voters, which can be viewed as a sign of a healthy democracy; however, it also leads to governmental ineffectiveness and public disillusionment. Such disillusionment is not exclusive to the U.S., as many democratic nations' populations express dissatisfaction with their governments.
Ultimately, political polarization poses a significant challenge to the formation of a consensus on long-term plans and policy changes necessary for addressing issues like alternative energy or natural resource conservation. It also hinders the ability to enact structural changes that might challenge the status quo of the powerful and wealthy.