Final answer:
A bacteriostatic antibiotic inhibits bacteria growth without killing them, allowing the immune system to clear the infection. The concern of antimicrobial resistance is raising challenges in the effectiveness of such antibiotics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used to describe an antibiotic that inhibits the growth or multiplication of bacteria is ‘bacteriostatic.’ Antibiotics are chemical compounds that are either produced by microbes or synthesized to prevent the growth of other organisms. While some antibiotics are bactericidal, meaning they kill bacteria, bacteriostatic antibiotics work by inhibiting bacterial growth, allowing the immune system to eliminate the infection. Antimicrobial resistance is a significant concern in modern medicine as it renders antibiotics less effective, leading to the rise of ‘superbugs.’ The ability of an antibiotic to harm bacteria without affecting human cells is due to its selective toxicity. Understanding the mode of action and targeting specific parts of the bacterial cell are crucial in the development and use of these drugs.