Final answer:
Human insulin produced through recombinant DNA technology is called Humulin. It is made by genetically modifying E. coli bacteria to produce insulin, which is identical to human insulin and avoids the allergic reactions associated with animal-sourced insulin.
Step-by-step explanation:
Human insulin produced through recombinant DNA technology is known as Humulin. This insulin is identical to the insulin produced by the human pancreas, and it is manufactured by inserting the human insulin gene into E. coli bacteria, which then produce insulin that can be processed and used to treat diabetes. Prior to this technology, insulin was extracted from animals, such as pigs, which often caused allergic reactions in humans due to slight structural differences.
E. coli, when transformed with the human insulin gene, acts as tiny factories churning out the insulin protein. This method offers a supply of insulin that is chemically identical to the body's natural hormone without the adverse immune responses triggered by animal-sourced insulin. The development of recombinant human insulin, or Humulin, has not only improved the quality of life for diabetics but has also significantly advanced biotechnology and pharmaceutical production.