The actual size of 2x2 lumber is typically 1.5 inches by 1.5 inches. Vertical studs, spaced 16 inches apart, equate to 40.64 centimeters. Scale factor problems involve multiplying the scaled dimensions by the scale factor to determine the actual size.
When referring to 2x2 lumber, the term "2x2" is nominal size, which represents the rough dimensions before the lumber is trimmed and finished. The actual size is typically 1.5 inches by 1.5 inches, some variance could occur depending on moisture content and the drying process.
To address the second part of the question, we have vertical studs that are placed 16.0 inches apart. To convert inches to centimeters, we multiply by 2.54 (there are 2.54 centimeters in an inch). So, the distance in centimeters would be 16.0 in. x 2.54 cm/in. = 40.64 cm.
To solve problems related to scale factor, you can set up proportions using the scale and the actual size. For example, if a drawing uses a scale of 1/200, and you know the dimensions on the drawing, you can multiply those dimensions by 200 to find the actual size.