Final answer:
Pyuria is defined as the presence of white blood cells in the urine and usually suggests a urinary tract infection. Leukocyte esterase is a marker for this, and UTIs are typically treated with antibiotics. Factors like bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract and nosocomial infections can cause UTIs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pyuria, the presence of white blood cells or pus in the urine, is consistent with inflammation of the urinary tract.
The term pyuria refers to the condition characterized by an excess of white blood cells, or leukocytes, in the urine. This usually indicates a urinary tract infection (UTI). These infections can involve different parts of the urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, and kidneys.
When a patient is suspected of having a UTI, a urine sample can be analyzed for the presence of leukocytes. The detection of leukocyte esterase in the urine, an enzyme released by white blood cells, is an indirect sign of a UTI. The standard treatment for a UTI includes antibiotics, which target the bacteria causing the inflammation and infection.
Multiple factors can lead to a UTI, including bacterial entry from the lower gastrointestinal tract into the urinary system. It's also possible for a UTI to develop as a nosocomial, or hospital-acquired infection, particularly after surgery, as bacteria present in a hospital setting could enter the urinary tract.