Final answer:
Abruptio placentae refers to the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, which is distinct from placenta previa and can lead to serious complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition characterized by the premature separation of the placenta is known as abruptio placentae. In contrast to placenta previa, where the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix due to implantation close to the internal os of the uterus, abruptio placentae involves the placenta detaching from the uterine wall prematurely, which can result in significant complications for both the mother and the fetus. The detachment of the placenta in abruptio placentae can lead to reduced oxygen and nutrients for the fetus and severe bleeding in the mother, demanding immediate medical attention.