Final answer:
For a single rescuer performing CPR on an infant, the recommended compression: ventilation rate is 30 compressions to 2 ventilations, with a compression rate of 100 to 120 per minute and careful ventilations to prevent over-inflation of the infant's small lungs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct compression: ventilation rate for a single rescuer performing infant CPR is 30 compressions to 2 ventilations. This ratio applies to infants, defined as children under one year of age. Compressions should be carried out at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute, and adequate ventilation should be provided without causing excessive chest rise. It is crucial during infant CPR that the rescuer takes care to not over-ventilate, as their lungs are smaller and more fragile compared to older children and adults. Understanding the differences in respiratory rates among different age groups is important because infants naturally have higher respiratory rates, ranging from 30 to 60 breaths per minute, which decrease as they approach adolescence.
To effectively perform ventilation, one may use a resuscitation mask or bag-valve-mask to deliver breaths if available. If not, mouth-to-mouth breathing is also acceptable. When pressing on the chest, ensure that you compress to a depth of about 1.5 inches (approximately 4 cm) and allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions. This aids in the blood circulation necessary for the rescue attempt to be successful.
The techniques and skills required for infant CPR are distinct from those used on adults or older children, due to their unique anatomy and physiology. Rescuers must adapt to these differences in order to provide the most effective care until professional medical help arrives or the infant shows signs of life.