Final answer:
The fiber-optic cable uses glass or plastic fibers to transmit data at high speeds and benefits from low loss, high bandwidth, and reduced crosstalk, making it ideal for long-distance communications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cable composed of plastic or glass fibers that transmit data at extremely fast speeds is b) Fiber-optic cable. Fiber-optic cables use light to transmit information and can carry signals over long distances with very high efficiency and very little loss of signal strength, which is referred to as low loss. They also have a tremendous capacity for carrying information, known as high bandwidth, and suffer from minimal interference or crosstalk between cables. The efficiency of fiber-optic cables largely comes from the physics of light, particularly refraction, which is used to keep the light within the core of the optical fiber. This allows for the transmission of signals across vast distances such as across oceans and continents, a feature that has revolutionized global communications networks.