Final answer:
For viral CSF infections like viral meningitis, antibiotics are ineffective; treatment generally consists of supportive care, with antiviral medications like acyclovir used in cases caused by specific viruses such as herpes simplex.
Step-by-step explanation:
When treating a viral CSF infection, such as viral meningitis, antibiotics are not effective since they only target bacterial infections. If a patient's cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures are negative and bacterial or fungal meningitis is ruled out, the focus shifts to treating a suspected viral infection. Commonly, supportive care is the primary treatment, which may include hydration, rest, and anti-inflammatory medications for symptom relief in severe cases. In some instances, specific antiviral drugs may be employed depending on the particular virus identified.
Specifically, if herpes simplex virus is a suspected causative agent, antiviral medications such as acyclovir, famciclovir, or valacyclovir may be prescribed. For other viruses, such as those causing enteroviral meningitis, treatment remains largely supportive as there are no specific antivirals for these viruses. It is important to monitor patients closely for any signs of complications and to manage any complications that arise promptly to prevent long-term damage.