Final answer:
The determinant of plaque rupture likelihood in arteries is stability, not necessarily its size, luminal narrowing, or other factors mentioned which are more related to ecosystem dynamics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The likelihood of plaque rupture in arteries, which can lead to heart attacks or stroke, is determined not only by the size of the plaque but also by its stability and the degree of luminal narrowing. However, the question seems to contain choices that are more relevant to biological ecosystem dynamics, such as the size of the population, availability of nutrients, speed of water flow, and density of the population.
If the question is about arterial plaque, the correct answer would be stability (d). If it is about ecosystem dynamics, those factors could determine the health and growth of a biological population within an ecosystem. It is important to clarify the context of the question to provide an accurate answer.