Final answer:
People with untreated celiac disease are at risk for anemia, nutritional deficiencies, and other serious health issues, including osteoporosis and increased cancer risk, due to the immune response to gluten which damages the intestinal lining, and prevents proper nutrient absorption. A strict gluten-free diet is crucial for managing the disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
Individuals with untreated celiac disease are at risk for several health issues due to an immune response triggered by ingesting gluten, a protein found in certain grains like wheat, barley, and rye. The immune response leads to damage to the microvilli in the small intestine, which can result in malabsorption of nutrients. This malabsorption can cause a variety of symptoms and long-term health consequences such as anemia, nutritional deficiencies, bone pain, osteoporosis, and an increased risk of certain cancers.
When people with celiac disease consume gluten, the resulting autoimmune reaction causes inflammation and flattening of the villi lining the small intestine, impairing their ability to absorb vital nutrients. This can have serious and wide-ranging effects, including digestive issues, anemia, skin rashes, bone pain, depression, and anxiety. Over time, untreated celiac disease can lead to severe complications such as irreversible organ damage due to prolonged nutrient deficiency.
The primary treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet, which can alleviate symptoms and decrease the risk of long-term complications. Following such a diet is essential as it allows the intestinal villi to heal and recover function, significantly reducing inflammation and malabsorption.