Final answer:
Surgery for a pelvic mass in a pregnant patient is considered under certain conditions like suspected malignancy, ovarian torsion, or significant symptoms, commonly performed in the second trimester.
Step-by-step explanation:
Indications for surgery to remove a pelvic mass in a pregnant patient can include the suspicion of malignancy, complications such as ovarian torsion, or mass-related symptoms that significantly affect the mother's well-being. The conservative management of pelvic masses is preferred during pregnancy to minimize risks to both mother and fetus.
In the case of endometriosis, treatment is often managed conservatively with medications like naproxen or opiates for severe pain. Laparoscopy, performed through small incisions in the abdomen, is the most reliable way to diagnose endometriosis and can be used to cauterize or remove endometrial growths.
Conservative surgery is preferred for younger patients who wish to maintain fertility, while a hysterectomy may be undertaken in older patients who have completed childbearing as a last resort to treat endometriosis and prevent recurrence.